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Quick Reference SheetGeneral Math

Sequences and Series Quick Reference

A more useful quick-reference sheet for arithmetic and geometric sequences and finite sums, with pattern checks and term-versus-sum reminders.

Filename: sequences-and-series-quick-reference.pdfFile size: 3 KB

Formula highlights

Arithmetic nth term
a_n = a_1 + (n - 1)d
Geometric nth term
a_n = a_1 x r^(n - 1)

Recognise the pattern first

  • Equal difference -> arithmetic sequence
  • Equal ratio -> geometric sequence
  • Sequence lists terms; series adds them

Formula map

  • Arithmetic nth term: a + (n - 1)d
  • Arithmetic sum: n/2 x (first + last)
  • Geometric nth term: a x r^(n - 1)
  • Geometric finite sum depends on the common ratio r

Worked examples

5, 8, 11, 14 is arithmetic with difference 3.

2, 6, 18, 54 is geometric with ratio 3.

Use the nth-term rule for a single position and the sum rule for a cumulative total.

Practical reminders

  • Do not confuse the tenth term with the sum of the first ten terms.
  • Check whether the real process is additive or multiplicative before choosing the model.
Related calculators

Use the formulas in live tools.